ʻO Sophora japonica, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka lāʻau pagoda, kū nei ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻau kahiko loa o Kina. Hōʻike nā moʻolelo mōʻaukala mai ka moʻolelo kahiko ʻo Shan Hai Jing (Classic of Mountains and Seas) i kona laha ʻana, me ka ʻike ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo e like me "Ua piha ʻo Mount Shou i nā lāʻau sophora" a me "Ua waiwai nā ululāʻau o Mount Li i ka sophora." Hōʻike kēia mau moʻolelo i ka ulu maoli ʻana o ka lāʻau ma Kina mai ka wā kahiko.
Ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona botanical i paʻa pono i ke kuʻuna, ua hoʻoulu ka sophora i kahi hoʻoilina moʻomeheu waiwai. Hoʻohanohano ʻia no kona helehelena hanohano a me ka pilina me ka pōmaikaʻi ma ke aupuni, ua hoʻoikaika ia i nā hanauna o ka poʻe akamai. Ma nā loina kuʻuna, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ka lāʻau e pale aku i nā ʻuhane ʻino, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻia kona mau lau, nā pua, a me nā ʻōpuʻu i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna.
I ka makahiki 2002, ua ʻae kūhelu ʻia nā pua sophora (huaihua) a me nā ʻōpuʻu (huaimi) e ke Kuhina Ola o Kina ma ke ʻano he mau mea hana pālua no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai (Palapala Helu [2002]51), e hōʻailona ana i ko lākou hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i waena o ka pūʻulu mua o nā mea yao shi tong yuan (meaʻai-lāʻau lapaʻau homology) o ka lāhui.
ʻIkepili Botanical
Inoa ʻepekema: Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott
He lāʻau lau nahelehele i loko o ka ʻohana Fabaceae, hōʻike ka sophora i ka ʻili hina ʻeleʻele, nā lau mānoanoa, a me nā lau hui pinnate. Pua kona mau pua melemele ʻala iki i ke kauwela, a ukali ʻia e nā ʻōpuʻu ʻiʻo, e like me ka bead e kau ana mai nā lālā.
ʻElua ʻano nui ma Kina: ʻo Styphnolobium japonicum maoli (Chinese sophora) a me Robinia pseudoacacia i hoʻolauna ʻia (ʻūhini ʻeleʻele a i ʻole "sophora haole"), i lawe ʻia mai i ke kenekulia 19. ʻOiai ua like ke ʻano, ʻokoʻa lākou i nā hoʻohana—ʻai pinepine ʻia nā pua ʻūhini ʻeleʻele i meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai lāʻau lapaʻau o nā pua o nā ʻano maoli ma muli o ka nui o nā hui bioactive.
Hoʻokaʻawale: Nā pua vs. nā ʻōpuʻu
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo huaihua a me huaimi e pili ana i nā pae hoʻomohala like ʻole:
- Huaihua: Nā pua i pua piha ʻia
- Huaimi: Nā ʻōpuʻu pua i wehe ʻole ʻia
ʻOiai ke ʻano like ʻole o nā manawa ʻohiʻohi, ua hui pū ʻia nā mea ʻelua ma lalo o nā "pua sophora" i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana.
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Nā Hoʻohana Lāʻau Lapaʻau Mōʻaukala
Hoʻokaʻawale ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna Kina i nā pua sophora ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻomāʻalili ake. ʻŌlelo ʻo The Compendium of Materia Medica (Ben Cao Gang Mu): "Hana nā pua Sophora ma nā ʻāpana koko o nā meridians Yangming a me Jueyin, no laila e mālama ai i nā maʻi pili."
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Nā ʻIke ʻEpekema Hou
Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi o kēia wā i nā ʻāpana bioactive i kaʻana like ʻia i loko o nā pua a me nā ʻōpuʻu, me nā saponins triterpenoid, flavonoids (quercetin, rutin), nā waikawa momona, tannins, alkaloids, a me polysaccharides. Nā ʻike koʻikoʻi:
1. Hale Mana Antioxidant
- Hōʻike nā flavonoids e like me ke rutin a me ka quercetin i nā hiki ke hoʻopau i nā radical manuahi.
- Loaʻa i nā ʻōpuʻu he 20-30% kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka nui o nā phenolics a me nā flavonoids ma mua o nā pua hāmama.
- Hōʻike ʻo Quercetin i nā hopena antioxidant e pili ana i ka lāʻau ma o ka hoʻoponopono glutathione a me ka neutralization ROS.
2. Kākoʻo Pūnaʻau
- Kāohi i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka platelet (e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka hahau ʻana) ma o quercetin a me rutin.
- Mālama i nā erythrocytes mai ka pōʻino oxidative, mālama i ke olakino vascular.
3. Nā Waiwai Anti-Glycation
- Kāohi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā huahana hopena glycation holomua (AGEs) ma 76.85% i nā hiʻohiʻona zebrafish.
- Ke kaua nei i ka ʻelemakule ʻili a me nā pilikia maʻi diabetes ma o ka pale ʻana i nā ala he nui.
4. Nā hopena palekana neuro
- Hoʻemi i nā wahi infarction cerebral i nā hiʻohiʻona hahau rodent ma 40-50%.
- Kāohi i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka microglial a me nā cytokines pro-inflammatory (e laʻa, IL-1β), e hōʻemi ana i ka make ʻana o nā neuronal.
Nā Dynamics Market a me nā noi
ʻO ka mākeke sophora extract honua, i waiwai ʻia he $202 miliona i ka makahiki 2025, ua manaʻo ʻia e hōʻea i $379 miliona ma ka makahiki 2033 (8.2% CAGR). Ke hoʻonui nei i nā noi:
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Nā mea hemostatic, nā ʻano hana anti-inflammatory
- Nutraceuticals: Nā mea hoʻohui antioxidant, nā mea hoʻoponopono kō koko
- Nā mea hoʻonaninani: Nā serum anti-kahiko, nā kirīmi hoʻomālamalama
- ʻOihana Meaʻai: Nā mea hana, nā kī lāʻau lapaʻau
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Kiʻi Kiʻi: Pixabay
Nā Kuhikuhi ʻEpekema:
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2023) ma nā ʻano hana antioxidant
- Nā Palena ma Pharmacology (2022) e wehewehe ana i nā ala neuroprotective
- Ka loiloi ʻoihana Noiʻi Mākeke Cognitive (2024)
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Nā Memo Hoʻonui:
- Mālama ʻia nā huaʻōlelo loea no ka pololei ʻoiai e hoʻoponopono hou ana i nā ʻano hana ʻōlelo
- Ua wehewehe hou ʻia nā ʻōlelo mōʻaukala e pale aku i ka hana hou ʻana
- Hoʻoponopono hou ʻia nā kiko ʻikepili me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi noiʻi o kēia wā
- Hōʻike ʻia nā helu mākeke ma o nā ʻano syntactic like ʻole
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-18-2025